What is the act of taking land via eminent domain known as?

The act of taking land via eminent domain is known as condemnation. This legal process allows government entities to seize private property for public use, provided they offer just compensation to the property owner. The concept of eminent domain is rooted in the government's right to take property for purposes deemed beneficial to the community or society, such as constructing highways, schools, or other infrastructures.

In the context of this question, while terms like tenancy, easement, and assessment may pertain to real estate, they do not describe the process of land acquisition via eminent domain. Tenancy refers to the rental agreement or the rights of a tenant, easement involves the right to cross or use someone else’s land for a specified purpose, and assessment typically relates to determining the value of property for taxation purposes. Therefore, condemnation is the correct term that specifically denotes the government's authority to take private land for public benefit.